New York’s Article 44-B — General Business Law §§ 1420–1429 — walked one section at a time. Titles and figures here are drawn from the enacted text of the RAISE Act (S.8828). Effective Jan 1, 2027.
10 sections
| Section | Title | Summary | Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 1420 | Definitions | Defines the regime's key terms — frontier model, frontier developer, large frontier developer, catastrophic risk, critical safety incident. | Foundations |
| § 1423 | Loss of equity | A loss of value of equity does not count as damage to or loss of property for the purposes of the article. | Foundations |
| § 1424 | Duties and obligations | The article's duties are cumulative with other law and do not relieve any party of obligations or limit existing rights and remedies. | Foundations |
| § 1425 | Scope | The article applies only to frontier models developed, deployed, or operating in whole or in part in New York State. | Foundations |
| § 1426 | Exceptions | The article does not apply to academic research at accredited NY colleges and universities, or to the Empire AI consortium/institute. | Foundations |
| Section | Title | Summary | Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 1421 | Transparency requirements | A large frontier developer must publish a frontier AI framework; before deploying a model, every frontier developer must publish a transparency report. | Developer Duties |
| § 1422 | Reporting | Report a critical safety incident to the DFS office within 72 hours — and within 24 hours to law enforcement if it poses an imminent risk of death or serious injury. | Developer Duties |
| Section | Title | Summary | Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 1427 | Violations | The Attorney General may seek civil penalties up to $1M (first violation) and $3M (subsequent). No private right of action. | Oversight |
| § 1428 | Large frontier developer disclosure | A large frontier developer must file a disclosure statement with the Office, renewed every two years; the Office publishes the list of filers. | Oversight |
| Section | Title | Summary | Group |
|---|---|---|---|
| § 1429 | Rulemaking authority | The Office may adopt rules to implement the article, including additional reporting or publication requirements that facilitate safety and transparency. | Administration |
Source: New York General Business Law, Article 44-B (§§ 1420–1429) — the Responsible AI Safety and Education (RAISE) Act, enacted in final form by the S.8828 chapter amendment (signed March 27, 2026) which repealed and replaced the original Article 44-B. Titles and content are from the enacted text. The regime takes effect January 1, 2027 (set in § 3 of the act, outside the article itself).
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